TPC-H Benchmarking

TPC-H is a decision support benchmark developed by the Transaction Processing Performance Council (TPC). It consists of a suite of business oriented ad-hoc queries and concurrent data modifications. TPC-H can be used to build models based on real production environments to simulate the data warehouse of a sales system. This test uses eight tables with a data size ranging from 1 GB to 3 TB. A total of 22 queries are tested and the main performance metrics are the response time of each query, which is the duration between the time a query is submitted to the time the result is returned.

1. Test Conclusion

We perform a test on 22 queries against a TPC-H 100 GB dataset. The following figure shows the test result. comparison StarRocks native storage and StarRocks Hive external tables are used for queries. We use StarRocks Hive external tables and Trino to query the same copy of data that is stored in the ORC format and compressed in the ZLIB format. StarRocks native storage has a query response time of 21s, that for StarRocks Hive external tables is 92s, and for Trino is as long as 307s.

2. Test Preparation

2.1 Hardware Environment

Machine	3 cloud hosts
CPU	16-core
Memory	64 GB
Network bandwidth	5 Gbit/s
Disk	System disk: ESSD 40 GB Data disk: ESSD 100 GB

2.2 Software Environment

Kernel version: Linux 3.10.0-1127.13.1.el7.x86_64
OS version: CentOS Linux released 7.8.2003
Software version: StarRocks 2.1, Trino-357, Hive-3.1.2

3. Test Data and Results

3.1 Test Data

The test uses a TPC-H 100 GB dataset.

Table	Records	Data size after compression on StarRocks
customer	15 million	2.4 GB
lineitem	600 million	75 GB
nation	25	2.2 KB
orders	150 million	16 GB
part	200 million	2.4 GB
partsupp	800 million	11.6 GB
region	5	389 B
supplier	1 million	0.14 GB

3.2 Test SQL

--Q1
select
  l_returnflag,
  l_linestatus,
  sum(l_quantity) as sum_qty,
  sum(l_extendedprice) as sum_base_price,
  sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as sum_disc_price,
  sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) * (1 + l_tax)) as sum_charge,
  avg(l_quantity) as avg_qty,
  avg(l_extendedprice) as avg_price,
  avg(l_discount) as avg_disc,
  count(*) as count_order
from lineitem
where  l_shipdate <= date '1998-12-01'
group by  l_returnflag,  l_linestatus
order by  l_returnflag,  l_linestatus;

--Q2
select count(*) from (
select  s_acctbal, s_name,  n_name,  p_partkey,  p_mfgr,  s_address,  s_phone,  s_comment
from  part,  partsupp,  supplier,  nation,  region
where
  p_partkey = ps_partkey
  and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
  and p_size = 15
  and p_type like '%BRASS'
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
  and r_name = 'EUROPE'
  and ps_supplycost = (
    select  min(ps_supplycost)
    from  partsupp,  supplier,  nation,  region
    where
      p_partkey = ps_partkey
      and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
      and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
      and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
      and r_name = 'EUROPE'
  )
order by  s_acctbal desc, n_name,  s_name,  p_partkey
) as t1;

--Q3
select count(*) from (
    select
      l_orderkey, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue, o_orderdate, o_shippriority
    from
      customer, orders, lineitem
    where
      c_mktsegment = 'BUILDING'
      and c_custkey = o_custkey
      and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
      and o_orderdate < date '1995-03-15'
      and l_shipdate > date '1995-03-15'
    group by l_orderkey, o_orderdate, o_shippriority
    order by revenue desc, o_orderdate
    ) as t1;

--Q4
select  o_orderpriority,  count(*) as order_count
from  orders
where
  o_orderdate >= date '1993-07-01'
  and o_orderdate < date '1993-07-01' + interval '3' month
  and exists (
    select  * from  lineitem
    where  l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
  )
group by o_orderpriority
order by o_orderpriority;

--Q5
select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region
where
  c_custkey = o_custkey
  and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
  and l_suppkey = s_suppkey
  and c_nationkey = s_nationkey
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
  and r_name = 'ASIA'
  and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01'
  and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
group by n_name
order by revenue desc;

--Q6
select
  sum(l_extendedprice * l_discount) as revenue
from
  lineitem
where
  l_shipdate >= date '1994-01-01'
  and l_shipdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
  and l_discount between .06 - 0.01 and .06 + 0.01
  and l_quantity < 24;

--Q7
select supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year, sum(volume) as revenue
from (
    select
      n1.n_name as supp_nation,
      n2.n_name as cust_nation,
      extract(year from l_shipdate) as l_year,
      l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume
    from supplier, lineitem, orders, customer, nation n1, nation n2
    where
      s_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
      and c_custkey = o_custkey
      and s_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
      and c_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
      and (
        (n1.n_name = 'FRANCE' and n2.n_name = 'GERMANY')
        or (n1.n_name = 'GERMANY' and n2.n_name = 'FRANCE')
      )
      and l_shipdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
  ) as shipping
group by supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year
order by supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year;

--Q8
select
  o_year, sum(case when nation = 'BRAZIL' then volume else 0 end) / sum(volume) as mkt_share
from
  (
    select
      extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
      l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume,
      n2.n_name as nation
    from part, supplier, lineitem, orders, customer, nation n1, nation n2, region
    where
      p_partkey = l_partkey
      and s_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
      and o_custkey = c_custkey
      and c_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
      and n1.n_regionkey = r_regionkey
      and r_name = 'AMERICA'
      and s_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
      and o_orderdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
      and p_type = 'ECONOMY ANODIZED STEEL'
  ) as all_nations
group by o_year
order by o_year;

--Q9
select count(*) from (
select nation, o_year, sum(amount) as sum_profit
from
  (
    select
      n_name as nation,
      extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
      l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost * l_quantity as amount
    from part, supplier, lineitem, partsupp, orders, nation
    where
      s_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and ps_partkey = l_partkey
      and p_partkey = l_partkey
      and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
      and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
      and p_name like '%green%'
  ) as profit
group by nation, o_year
order by nation, o_year desc
) as t1;

--Q10
select count(*) from (
select c_custkey, c_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue, c_acctbal, n_name, c_address, c_phone, c_comment
    from customer, orders, lineitem, nation
    where
      c_custkey = o_custkey
      and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
      and o_orderdate >= date '1993-10-01'
      and o_orderdate < date '1993-12-01'
      and l_returnflag = 'R'
      and c_nationkey = n_nationkey
    group by c_custkey, c_name, c_acctbal, c_phone, n_name, c_address, c_comment
    order by revenue desc
) as t1;

--Q11
select count(*) from (
select ps_partkey, sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) as value
from partsupp, supplier, nation
where
  ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_name = 'GERMANY'
group by ps_partkey having
    sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) > (
      select sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) * 0.0001000000
      from partsupp, supplier, nation
      where
        ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
        and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
        and n_name = 'GERMANY'
    )
order by value desc
) as t1;

--Q12
select
  l_shipmode,
  sum(case when o_orderpriority = '1-URGENT' or o_orderpriority = '2-HIGH' then 1 else 0 end) as high_line_count,
  sum(case when o_orderpriority <> '1-URGENT' and o_orderpriority <> '2-HIGH' then 1 else 0 end) as low_line_count
from orders, lineitem
where
  o_orderkey = l_orderkey
  and l_shipmode in ('MAIL', 'SHIP')
  and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
  and l_shipdate < l_commitdate
  and l_receiptdate >= date '1994-01-01'
  and l_receiptdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
group by l_shipmode
order by l_shipmode;

--Q13
select  c_count,  count(*) as custdist
from (select c_custkey,count(o_orderkey) as c_count
    from customer left outer join orders on c_custkey = o_custkey and o_comment not like '%special%requests%'
    group by  c_custkey
) as c_orders
group by  c_count
order by custdist desc, c_count desc;

--Q14
select
  100.00 * sum(case when p_type like 'PROMO%' then l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) else 0 end) / sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as promo_revenue
from lineitem, part
where
  l_partkey = p_partkey
  and l_shipdate >= date '1995-09-01'
  and l_shipdate < date '1995-09-01' + interval '1' month;

--Q15
select s_suppkey, s_name, s_address, s_phone, total_revenue
from supplier, revenue0
where
  s_suppkey = supplier_no
  and total_revenue = (
    select max(total_revenue) from revenue0
  )
order by s_suppkey;

--Q16
select count(*) from (
select p_brand, p_type, p_size, count(distinct ps_suppkey) as supplier_cnt
from partsupp, part
where
  p_partkey = ps_partkey
  and p_brand <> 'Brand#45'
  and p_type not like 'MEDIUM POLISHED%'
  and p_size in (49, 14, 23, 45, 19, 3, 36, 9)
  and ps_suppkey not in (
    select s_suppkey from supplier where s_comment like '%Customer%Complaints%'
  )
group by p_brand, p_type, p_size
order by supplier_cnt desc, p_brand, p_type, p_size
) as t1;

--Q17
select sum(l_extendedprice) / 7.0 as avg_yearly
from lineitem, part
where
  p_partkey = l_partkey
  and p_brand = 'Brand#23'
  and p_container = 'MED BOX'
  and l_quantity < (
    select 0.2 * avg(l_quantity) from lineitem where l_partkey = p_partkey
  );

--Q18
select count(*) from (
select c_name, c_custkey, o_orderkey, o_orderdate, o_totalprice, sum(l_quantity)
from customer, orders, lineitem
where
  o_orderkey in (
    select l_orderkey from lineitem
    group by l_orderkey having
        sum(l_quantity) > 300
  )
  and c_custkey = o_custkey
  and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
group by c_name, c_custkey, o_orderkey, o_orderdate, o_totalprice
order by o_totalprice desc, o_orderdate
) as t1;

--Q19
select sum(l_extendedprice* (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
from lineitem, part
where
  (
    p_partkey = l_partkey
    and p_brand = 'Brand#12'
    and p_container in ('SM CASE', 'SM BOX', 'SM PACK', 'SM PKG')
    and l_quantity >= 1 and l_quantity <= 1 + 10
    and p_size between 1 and 5
    and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
    and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
  )
  or
  (
    p_partkey = l_partkey
    and p_brand = 'Brand#23'
    and p_container in ('MED BAG', 'MED BOX', 'MED PKG', 'MED PACK')
    and l_quantity >= 10 and l_quantity <= 10 + 10
    and p_size between 1 and 10
    and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
    and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
  )
  or
  (
    p_partkey = l_partkey
    and p_brand = 'Brand#34'
    and p_container in ('LG CASE', 'LG BOX', 'LG PACK', 'LG PKG')
    and l_quantity >= 20 and l_quantity <= 20 + 10
    and p_size between 1 and 15
    and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
    and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
  );

--Q20
select s_name, s_address
from supplier, nation
where
  s_suppkey in (
    select ps_suppkey
    from partsupp
    where
      ps_partkey in (
        select p_partkey from part
        where p_name like 'forest%'
      )
      and ps_availqty > (
        select 0.5 * sum(l_quantity)
        from lineitem
        where
          l_partkey = ps_partkey
          and l_suppkey = ps_suppkey
          and l_shipdate >= date '1994-01-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
      )
  )
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_name = 'CANADA'
order by s_name;

--Q21
select count(*) from (
select s_name, count(*) as numwait
from  supplier,  lineitem l1,  orders,  nation
where
  s_suppkey = l1.l_suppkey
  and o_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
  and o_orderstatus = 'F'
  and l1.l_receiptdate > l1.l_commitdate
  and exists (
    select * from  lineitem l2
    where
      l2.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
      and l2.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
  )
  and not exists (
    select * from  lineitem l3
    where
      l3.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
      and l3.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
      and l3.l_receiptdate > l3.l_commitdate
  )
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_name = 'SAUDI ARABIA'
group by s_name
order by  numwait desc, s_name
) as t1;


--Q22
select
  cntrycode,
  count(*) as numcust,
  sum(c_acctbal) as totacctbal
from
  (
    select
      substr(c_phone, 1, 2) as cntrycode,
      c_acctbal
    from
      customer
    where
      substr(c_phone, 1, 2) in
        ('13', '31', '23', '29', '30', '18', '17')
      and c_acctbal > (
        select
          avg(c_acctbal)
        from
          customer
        where
          c_acctbal > 0.00
          and substr(c_phone, 1, 2) in
            ('13', '31', '23', '29', '30', '18', '17')
      )
      and not exists (
        select
          *
        from
          orders
        where
          o_custkey = c_custkey
      )
  ) as custsale
group by
  cntrycode
order by
  cntrycode;

3.3 Test Results

Query	StarRocks-native (ms)	StarRocks-Hive external (ms)	Trino (ms)
q1	1291	5349	14350
q2	257	940	4075
q3	690	2585	7615
q4	529	2514	9385
q5	1142	5844	15350
q6	115	2936	4045
q7	1435	5128	8760
q8	855	5989	9535
q9	3028	5507	27310
q10	1381	3654	6560
q11	265	691	2090
q12	387	3827	7635
q13	2165	3733	14530
q14	184	3824	4355
q15	354	7321	8975
q16	240	1029	2265
q17	753	5011	46405
q18	2909	7032	30975
q19	702	3905	7315
q20	963	4623	12500
q21	870	10016	58340
q22	545	991	5605
sum	21060	92449	307975

4. Test Procedure

4.1 StarRocks Internal Tables

4.1.1 Generate Data

Download the tpch-poc toolkit and compile it.
```
wget https://starrocks-public.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/tpch-poc-0.1.2.zip
unzip tpch-poc-0.1.2.zip
cd tpch-poc-0.1.2
cd benchmark 
```
The related tools are stored in the bin directory and you can initiate operations in the home directory.

Generate data.

# Generate 100 GB data in the `data_100` directory.
./bin/gen_data/gen-tpch.sh 100 data_100

4.1.2 Create Table Schema

Modify the configuration file conf/starrocks.conf and specify the cluster address.

# StarRocks configuration
mysql_host: 192.168.1.1
mysql_port: 9030
mysql_user: root
mysql_password:
database: tpch

# Cluster ports
http_port: 8030
be_heartbeat_port: 9050
broker_port: 8000

# parallel_fragment_exec_instance_num specifies the parallelism.
# The recommended parallelism is half the CPU cores of a cluster. The following example uses 8.
parallel_num: 8

Run the following script to create a table:

# create tables for 100GB data
./bin/create_db_table.sh ddl_100

The table has been created and the default bucket number has been specified. You can delete the previous table and re-plan the bucket number based on your cluster size and node configuration, which helps achieve better test results.

#Create a table named customer.
drop table if exists customer;
CREATE TABLE customer (
    c_custkey     int NOT NULL,
    c_name        VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    c_address     VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
    c_nationkey   int NOT NULL,
    c_phone       VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
    c_acctbal     decimal(15, 2)   NOT NULL,
    c_mktsegment  VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
    c_comment     VARCHAR(117) NOT NULL
)ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`c_custkey`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`c_custkey`) BUCKETS 24
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "1",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT"
);
#Create a table named lineitem.
drop table if exists lineitem;
CREATE TABLE lineitem ( 
    l_shipdate    DATE NOT NULL,
    l_orderkey    int NOT NULL,
    l_linenumber  int not null,
    l_partkey     int NOT NULL,
    l_suppkey     int not null,
    l_quantity    decimal(15, 2) NOT NULL,
    l_extendedprice  decimal(15, 2) NOT NULL,
    l_discount    decimal(15, 2) NOT NULL,
    l_tax         decimal(15, 2) NOT NULL,
    l_returnflag  VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    l_linestatus  VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    l_commitdate  DATE NOT NULL,
    l_receiptdate DATE NOT NULL,
    l_shipinstruct VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    l_shipmode     VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
    l_comment      VARCHAR(44) NOT NULL
)ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`l_shipdate`, `l_orderkey`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`l_orderkey`) BUCKETS 96
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "1",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT",
    "colocate_with" = "tpch2"
);
#Create a table named nation.
drop table if exists nation;
CREATE TABLE `nation` (
`n_nationkey` int(11) NOT NULL,
`n_name`      varchar(25) NOT NULL,
`n_regionkey` int(11) NOT NULL,
`n_comment`   varchar(152) NULL
) ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`N_NATIONKEY`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`N_NATIONKEY`) BUCKETS 1
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "3",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT"
);
#Create a talbe named orders.
drop table if exists orders;
CREATE TABLE orders  (
    o_orderkey       int NOT NULL,
    o_orderdate      DATE NOT NULL,
    o_custkey        int NOT NULL,
    o_orderstatus    VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    o_totalprice     decimal(15, 2) NOT NULL,
    o_orderpriority  VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
    o_clerk          VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
    o_shippriority   int NOT NULL,
    o_comment        VARCHAR(79) NOT NULL
)ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`o_orderkey`, `o_orderdate`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`o_orderkey`) BUCKETS 96
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "1",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT",
    "colocate_with" = "tpch2"
);
#Create a table named part.
drop table if exists part;
CREATE TABLE part (
    p_partkey          int NOT NULL,
    p_name        VARCHAR(55) NOT NULL,
    p_mfgr        VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    p_brand       VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
    p_type        VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    p_size        int NOT NULL,
    p_container   VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
    p_retailprice decimal(15, 2) NOT NULL,
    p_comment     VARCHAR(23) NOT NULL
)ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`p_partkey`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`p_partkey`) BUCKETS 24
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "1",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT",
    "colocate_with" = "tpch2p"
);
#Create a table named partsupp.
drop table if exists partsupp;
CREATE TABLE partsupp ( 
    ps_partkey          int NOT NULL,
    ps_suppkey     int NOT NULL,
    ps_availqty    int NOT NULL,
    ps_supplycost  decimal(15, 2)  NOT NULL,
    ps_comment     VARCHAR(199) NOT NULL
)ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`ps_partkey`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`ps_partkey`) BUCKETS 24
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "1",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT",
    "colocate_with" = "tpch2p"
);
#Create a table named region.
drop table if exists region;
CREATE TABLE region  ( 
    r_regionkey      int NOT NULL,
    r_name       VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    r_comment    VARCHAR(152)
)ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`r_regionkey`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`r_regionkey`) BUCKETS 1
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "3",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT"
);
#Create a table named supplier.
drop table if exists supplier;
CREATE TABLE supplier (  
    s_suppkey       int NOT NULL,
    s_name        VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
    s_address     VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
    s_nationkey   int NOT NULL,
    s_phone       VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
    s_acctbal     decimal(15, 2) NOT NULL,
    s_comment     VARCHAR(101) NOT NULL
)ENGINE=OLAP
DUPLICATE KEY(`s_suppkey`)
COMMENT "OLAP"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`s_suppkey`) BUCKETS 12
PROPERTIES (
    "replication_num" = "1",
    "in_memory" = "false",
    "storage_format" = "DEFAULT"
);
drop view if exists revenue0;
create view revenue0 (supplier_no, total_revenue) as
select
    l_suppkey,
    sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount))
from
    lineitem
where
    l_shipdate >= date '1996-01-01'
    and l_shipdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '3' month
group by
    l_suppkey;

4.1.3 Import Data

./bin/stream_load.sh data_100

4.1.4 Collect Statistics (Optional)

This step is optional. We recommend that full statistical information be collected to generate better test results. Run the following commands after you connect to the StarRocks cluster:

ANALYZE FULL TABLE customer;
ANALYZE FULL TABLE lineitem;
ANALYZE FULL TABLE nation;
ANALYZE FULL TABLE orders;
ANALYZE FULL TABLE part;
ANALYZE FULL TABLE partsupp;
ANALYZE FULL TABLE region;
ANALYZE FULL TABLE supplier;

4.1.5 Query Data

./bin/benchmark.sh -p -d tpch

4.2 StarRocks Hive External Tables

4.2.1 Create Table Schema

Create table schema in Hive. The storage format is ORC.

create database tpch_hive_orc;
use tpch_hive_orc;
--Create a table named customer.
CREATE TABLE `customer`(
  `c_custkey` int, 
  `c_name` varchar(25), 
  `c_address` varchar(40), 
  `c_nationkey` int, 
  `c_phone` varchar(15), 
  `c_acctbal` decimal(15,2), 
  `c_mktsegment` varchar(10), 
  `c_comment` varchar(117))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/customer';
--Create a table named lineitem.
  CREATE TABLE `lineitem`(
  `l_orderkey` bigint, 
  `l_partkey` int, 
  `l_suppkey` int, 
  `l_linenumber` int, 
  `l_quantity` decimal(15,2), 
  `l_extendedprice` decimal(15,2), 
  `l_discount` decimal(15,2), 
  `l_tax` decimal(15,2), 
  `l_returnflag` varchar(1), 
  `l_linestatus` varchar(1), 
  `l_shipdate` date, 
  `l_commitdate` date, 
  `l_receiptdate` date, 
  `l_shipinstruct` varchar(25), 
  `l_shipmode` varchar(10), 
  `l_comment` varchar(44))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/lineitem';
--Create a table named nation.
CREATE TABLE `nation`(
  `n_nationkey` int, 
  `n_name` varchar(25), 
  `n_regionkey` int, 
  `n_comment` varchar(152))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/nation';
--Create a table named orders.
CREATE TABLE `orders`(
  `o_orderkey` bigint, 
  `o_custkey` int, 
  `o_orderstatus` varchar(1), 
  `o_totalprice` decimal(15,2), 
  `o_orderdate` date, 
  `o_orderpriority` varchar(15), 
  `o_clerk` varchar(15), 
  `o_shippriority` int, 
  `o_comment` varchar(79))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/orders';
--Create a table named part.
CREATE TABLE `part`(
  `p_partkey` int, 
  `p_name` varchar(55), 
  `p_mfgr` varchar(25), 
  `p_brand` varchar(10), 
  `p_type` varchar(25), 
  `p_size` int, 
  `p_container` varchar(10), 
  `p_retailprice` decimal(15,2), 
  `p_comment` varchar(23))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/part';
--Create a table named partsupp.
CREATE TABLE `partsupp`(
  `ps_partkey` int, 
  `ps_suppkey` int, 
  `ps_availqty` int, 
  `ps_supplycost` decimal(15,2), 
  `ps_comment` varchar(199))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/partsupp';
--Create a table named region.
CREATE TABLE `region`(
  `r_regionkey` int, 
  `r_name` varchar(25), 
  `r_comment` varchar(152))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/region';
--Create a table named supplier.
CREATE TABLE `supplier`(
  `s_suppkey` int, 
  `s_name` varchar(25), 
  `s_address` varchar(40), 
  `s_nationkey` int, 
  `s_phone` varchar(15), 
  `s_acctbal` decimal(15,2), 
  `s_comment` varchar(101))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcSerde' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
  'field.delim'='|', 
  'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
  'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcOutputFormat'
LOCATION
  'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/hive/warehouse/tpch_hive_orc.db/supplier';

Create external tables in StarRocks.

create database if not exists tpch_sr;
use tpch_sr;
CREATE EXTERNAL RESOURCE "hive_test" PROPERTIES (
  "type" = "hive",
  "hive.metastore.uris" = "thrift://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:9083"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS nation (
    n_nationkey int,
    n_name VARCHAR(25),
    n_regionkey int,
    n_comment varchar(152))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "nation",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS customer (
    c_custkey     INTEGER,
    c_name        VARCHAR(25),
    c_address     VARCHAR(40),
    c_nationkey   INTEGER,
    c_phone       VARCHAR(15),
    c_acctbal     DECIMAL(15,2),
    c_mktsegment  VARCHAR(10),
    c_comment     VARCHAR(117))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "customer",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS lineitem (
    l_orderkey    BIGINT,
    l_partkey     INTEGER,
    l_suppkey     INTEGER,
    l_linenumber  INTEGER,
    l_quantity    DECIMAL(15,2),
    l_extendedprice  DECIMAL(15,2),
    l_discount    DECIMAL(15,2),
    l_tax         DECIMAL(15,2),
    l_returnflag  VARCHAR(1),
    l_linestatus  VARCHAR(1),
    l_shipdate    DATE,
    l_commitdate  DATE,
    l_receiptdate DATE,
    l_shipinstruct VARCHAR(25),
    l_shipmode     VARCHAR(10),
    l_comment      VARCHAR(44))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "lineitem",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS orders  ( 
    o_orderkey       BIGINT,
    o_custkey        INTEGER,
    o_orderstatus    VARCHAR(1),
    o_totalprice     DECIMAL(15,2),
    o_orderdate      DATE,
    o_orderpriority  VARCHAR(15),
    o_clerk          VARCHAR(15),
    o_shippriority   INTEGER,
    o_comment        VARCHAR(79))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "orders",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS part  ( 
    p_partkey     INTEGER,
    p_name        VARCHAR(55),
    p_mfgr        VARCHAR(25),
    p_brand       VARCHAR(10),
    p_type        VARCHAR(25),
    p_size        INTEGER,
    p_container   VARCHAR(10),
    p_retailprice DECIMAL(15,2),
    p_comment     VARCHAR(23))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "part",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS partsupp ( 
    ps_partkey     INTEGER,
    ps_suppkey     INTEGER,
    ps_availqty    INTEGER,
    ps_supplycost  DECIMAL(15,2),
    ps_comment     VARCHAR(199))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "partsupp",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS region  ( 
    r_regionkey  INTEGER,
    r_name       VARCHAR(25),
    r_comment    VARCHAR(152))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "region",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS supplier (
    s_suppkey     INTEGER,
    s_name        VARCHAR(25),
    s_address     VARCHAR(40),
    s_nationkey   INTEGER,
    s_phone       VARCHAR(15),
    s_acctbal     DECIMAL(15,2),
    s_comment     VARCHAR(101))
ENGINE=hive
properties (
    "resource" = "hive_test",
    "table" = "supplier",
    "database" = "tpch_hive_orc"
);
create view revenue0 (supplier_no, total_revenue) as
select
    l_suppkey,
    sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount))
from
    lineitem
where
    l_shipdate >= date '1996-01-01'
    and l_shipdate < date '1996-01-01' + interval '3' month
group by
    l_suppkey;

4.2.2 Import Data

Create Hive external tables in Hive. The table format is CSV. Upload CSV test data to the data storage directory on HDFS. In this example, the HDFS data storage path of the Hive external table is /user/tmp/csv/.

create database tpch_hive_csv;
use tpch_hive_csv;

--Create an external table named customer.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `customer`(
`c_custkey` int, 
`c_name` varchar(25), 
`c_address` varchar(40), 
`c_nationkey` int, 
`c_phone` varchar(15), 
`c_acctbal` double, 
`c_mktsegment` varchar(10), 
`c_comment` varchar(117))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/customer_csv';
--Create an external table named lineitem.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `lineitem`(
`l_orderkey` int, 
`l_partkey` int, 
`l_suppkey` int, 
`l_linenumber` int, 
`l_quantity` double, 
`l_extendedprice` double, 
`l_discount` double, 
`l_tax` double, 
`l_returnflag` varchar(1), 
`l_linestatus` varchar(1), 
`l_shipdate` date, 
`l_commitdate` date, 
`l_receiptdate` date, 
`l_shipinstruct` varchar(25), 
`l_shipmode` varchar(10), 
`l_comment` varchar(44))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/lineitem_csv';
--Create an external table named nation.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `nation`(
`n_nationkey` int, 
`n_name` varchar(25), 
`n_regionkey` int, 
`n_comment` varchar(152))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/nation_csv';
--Create an external table named orders.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `orders`(
`o_orderkey` int, 
`o_custkey` int, 
`o_orderstatus` varchar(1), 
`o_totalprice` double, 
`o_orderdate` date, 
`o_orderpriority` varchar(15), 
`o_clerk` varchar(15), 
`o_shippriority` int, 
`o_comment` varchar(79))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/orders_csv';
--Create an external table named part.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `part`(
`p_partkey` int, 
`p_name` varchar(55), 
`p_mfgr` varchar(25), 
`p_brand` varchar(10), 
`p_type` varchar(25), 
`p_size` int, 
`p_container` varchar(10), 
`p_retailprice` double, 
`p_comment` varchar(23))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/part_csv';
--Create an external table named partsupp.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `partsupp`(
`ps_partkey` int, 
`ps_suppkey` int, 
`ps_availqty` int, 
`ps_supplycost` double, 
`ps_comment` varchar(199))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/partsupp_csv';
--Create an external table named region.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `region`(
`r_regionkey` int, 
`r_name` varchar(25), 
`r_comment` varchar(152))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/region_csv';
--Create an external table named supplier.
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `supplier`(
`s_suppkey` int, 
`s_name` varchar(25), 
`s_address` varchar(40), 
`s_nationkey` int, 
`s_phone` varchar(15), 
`s_acctbal` double, 
`s_comment` varchar(101))
ROW FORMAT SERDE 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.lazy.LazySimpleSerDe' 
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ( 
'field.delim'='|', 
'serialization.format'='|') 
STORED AS INPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' 
OUTPUTFORMAT 
'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat'
LOCATION
'hdfs://emr-header-1.cluster-49146:9000/user/tmp/csv/supplier_csv';

Transfer CSV data in each Hive external table to a Hive table of the ORC format. This helps create Hive external tables of the ORC format in StarRocks and Trino for subsequent testing.

use tpch_hive_csv;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.customer  select * from customer;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.lineitem  select * from lineitem;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.nation  select * from nation;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.orders  select * from orders;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.part  select * from part;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.partsupp  select * from partsupp;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.region  select * from region;
insert into tpch_hive_orc.supplier  select * from supplier;

4.2.3 Query Data

use tpch_sr;
--Query system variables of current session.
show variables;
--Set the parallelism to 8.
set parallel_fragment_exec_instance_num = 8;

--Q1
select
  l_returnflag,
  l_linestatus,
  sum(l_quantity) as sum_qty,
  sum(l_extendedprice) as sum_base_price,
  sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as sum_disc_price,
  sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) * (1 + l_tax)) as sum_charge,
  avg(l_quantity) as avg_qty,
  avg(l_extendedprice) as avg_price,
  avg(l_discount) as avg_disc,
  count(*) as count_order
from lineitem
where  l_shipdate <= date '1998-12-01'
group by  l_returnflag,  l_linestatus
order by  l_returnflag,  l_linestatus;

--Q2
select count(*) from (
select  s_acctbal, s_name,  n_name,  p_partkey,  p_mfgr,  s_address,  s_phone,  s_comment
from  part,  partsupp,  supplier,  nation,  region
where
  p_partkey = ps_partkey
  and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
  and p_size = 15
  and p_type like '%BRASS'
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
  and r_name = 'EUROPE'
  and ps_supplycost = (
    select  min(ps_supplycost)
    from  partsupp,  supplier,  nation,  region
    where
      p_partkey = ps_partkey
      and s_suppkey = ps_suppkey
      and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
      and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
      and r_name = 'EUROPE'
  )
order by  s_acctbal desc, n_name,  s_name,  p_partkey
) as t1;

--Q3
select count(*) from (
    select
      l_orderkey, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue, o_orderdate, o_shippriority
    from
      customer, orders, lineitem
    where
      c_mktsegment = 'BUILDING'
      and c_custkey = o_custkey
      and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
      and o_orderdate < date '1995-03-15'
      and l_shipdate > date '1995-03-15'
    group by l_orderkey, o_orderdate, o_shippriority
    order by revenue desc, o_orderdate
    ) as t1;

--Q4
select  o_orderpriority,  count(*) as order_count
from  orders
where
  o_orderdate >= date '1993-07-01'
  and o_orderdate < date '1993-07-01' + interval '3' month
  and exists (
    select  * from  lineitem
    where  l_orderkey = o_orderkey and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
  )
group by o_orderpriority
order by o_orderpriority;

--Q5
select n_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
from customer, orders, lineitem, supplier, nation, region
where
  c_custkey = o_custkey
  and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
  and l_suppkey = s_suppkey
  and c_nationkey = s_nationkey
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_regionkey = r_regionkey
  and r_name = 'ASIA'
  and o_orderdate >= date '1994-01-01'
  and o_orderdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
group by n_name
order by revenue desc;

--Q6
select
  sum(l_extendedprice * l_discount) as revenue
from
  lineitem
where
  l_shipdate >= date '1994-01-01'
  and l_shipdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
  and l_discount between .06 - 0.01 and .06 + 0.01
  and l_quantity < 24;

--Q7
select supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year, sum(volume) as revenue
from (
    select
      n1.n_name as supp_nation,
      n2.n_name as cust_nation,
      extract(year from l_shipdate) as l_year,
      l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume
    from supplier, lineitem, orders, customer, nation n1, nation n2
    where
      s_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
      and c_custkey = o_custkey
      and s_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
      and c_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
      and (
        (n1.n_name = 'FRANCE' and n2.n_name = 'GERMANY')
        or (n1.n_name = 'GERMANY' and n2.n_name = 'FRANCE')
      )
      and l_shipdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
  ) as shipping
group by supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year
order by supp_nation, cust_nation, l_year;

--Q8
select
  o_year, sum(case when nation = 'BRAZIL' then volume else 0 end) / sum(volume) as mkt_share
from
  (
    select
      extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
      l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) as volume,
      n2.n_name as nation
    from part, supplier, lineitem, orders, customer, nation n1, nation n2, region
    where
      p_partkey = l_partkey
      and s_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
      and o_custkey = c_custkey
      and c_nationkey = n1.n_nationkey
      and n1.n_regionkey = r_regionkey
      and r_name = 'AMERICA'
      and s_nationkey = n2.n_nationkey
      and o_orderdate between date '1995-01-01' and date '1996-12-31'
      and p_type = 'ECONOMY ANODIZED STEEL'
  ) as all_nations
group by o_year
order by o_year;

--Q9
select count(*) from (
select nation, o_year, sum(amount) as sum_profit
from
  (
    select
      n_name as nation,
      extract(year from o_orderdate) as o_year,
      l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) - ps_supplycost * l_quantity as amount
    from part, supplier, lineitem, partsupp, orders, nation
    where
      s_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and ps_suppkey = l_suppkey
      and ps_partkey = l_partkey
      and p_partkey = l_partkey
      and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
      and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
      and p_name like '%green%'
  ) as profit
group by nation, o_year
order by nation, o_year desc
) as t1;

--Q10
select count(*) from (
select c_custkey, c_name, sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as revenue, c_acctbal, n_name, c_address, c_phone, c_comment
    from customer, orders, lineitem, nation
    where
      c_custkey = o_custkey
      and l_orderkey = o_orderkey
      and o_orderdate >= date '1993-10-01'
      and o_orderdate < date '1993-12-01'
      and l_returnflag = 'R'
      and c_nationkey = n_nationkey
    group by c_custkey, c_name, c_acctbal, c_phone, n_name, c_address, c_comment
    order by revenue desc
) as t1;

--Q11
select count(*) from (
select ps_partkey, sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) as value
from partsupp, supplier, nation
where
  ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_name = 'GERMANY'
group by ps_partkey having
    sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) > (
      select sum(ps_supplycost * ps_availqty) * 0.0001000000
      from partsupp, supplier, nation
      where
        ps_suppkey = s_suppkey
        and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
        and n_name = 'GERMANY'
    )
order by value desc
) as t1;

--Q12
select
  l_shipmode,
  sum(case when o_orderpriority = '1-URGENT' or o_orderpriority = '2-HIGH' then 1 else 0 end) as high_line_count,
  sum(case when o_orderpriority <> '1-URGENT' and o_orderpriority <> '2-HIGH' then 1 else 0 end) as low_line_count
from orders, lineitem
where
  o_orderkey = l_orderkey
  and l_shipmode in ('MAIL', 'SHIP')
  and l_commitdate < l_receiptdate
  and l_shipdate < l_commitdate
  and l_receiptdate >= date '1994-01-01'
  and l_receiptdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
group by l_shipmode
order by l_shipmode;

--Q13
select  c_count,  count(*) as custdist
from (select c_custkey,count(o_orderkey) as c_count
    from customer left outer join orders on c_custkey = o_custkey and o_comment not like '%special%requests%'
    group by  c_custkey
) as c_orders
group by  c_count
order by custdist desc, c_count desc;

--Q14
select
  100.00 * sum(case when p_type like 'PROMO%' then l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount) else 0 end) / sum(l_extendedprice * (1 - l_discount)) as promo_revenue
from lineitem, part
where
  l_partkey = p_partkey
  and l_shipdate >= date '1995-09-01'
  and l_shipdate < date '1995-09-01' + interval '1' month;

--Q15
select s_suppkey, s_name, s_address, s_phone, total_revenue
from supplier, revenue0
where
  s_suppkey = supplier_no
  and total_revenue = (
    select max(total_revenue) from revenue0
  )
order by s_suppkey;

--Q16
select count(*) from (
select p_brand, p_type, p_size, count(distinct ps_suppkey) as supplier_cnt
from partsupp, part
where
  p_partkey = ps_partkey
  and p_brand <> 'Brand#45'
  and p_type not like 'MEDIUM POLISHED%'
  and p_size in (49, 14, 23, 45, 19, 3, 36, 9)
  and ps_suppkey not in (
    select s_suppkey from supplier where s_comment like '%Customer%Complaints%'
  )
group by p_brand, p_type, p_size
order by supplier_cnt desc, p_brand, p_type, p_size
) as t1;

--Q17
select sum(l_extendedprice) / 7.0 as avg_yearly
from lineitem, part
where
  p_partkey = l_partkey
  and p_brand = 'Brand#23'
  and p_container = 'MED BOX'
  and l_quantity < (
    select 0.2 * avg(l_quantity) from lineitem where l_partkey = p_partkey
  );

--Q18
select count(*) from (
select c_name, c_custkey, o_orderkey, o_orderdate, o_totalprice, sum(l_quantity)
from customer, orders, lineitem
where
  o_orderkey in (
    select l_orderkey from lineitem
    group by l_orderkey having
        sum(l_quantity) > 300
  )
  and c_custkey = o_custkey
  and o_orderkey = l_orderkey
group by c_name, c_custkey, o_orderkey, o_orderdate, o_totalprice
order by o_totalprice desc, o_orderdate
) as t1;

--Q19
select sum(l_extendedprice* (1 - l_discount)) as revenue
from lineitem, part
where
  (
    p_partkey = l_partkey
    and p_brand = 'Brand#12'
    and p_container in ('SM CASE', 'SM BOX', 'SM PACK', 'SM PKG')
    and l_quantity >= 1 and l_quantity <= 1 + 10
    and p_size between 1 and 5
    and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
    and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
  )
  or
  (
    p_partkey = l_partkey
    and p_brand = 'Brand#23'
    and p_container in ('MED BAG', 'MED BOX', 'MED PKG', 'MED PACK')
    and l_quantity >= 10 and l_quantity <= 10 + 10
    and p_size between 1 and 10
    and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
    and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
  )
  or
  (
    p_partkey = l_partkey
    and p_brand = 'Brand#34'
    and p_container in ('LG CASE', 'LG BOX', 'LG PACK', 'LG PKG')
    and l_quantity >= 20 and l_quantity <= 20 + 10
    and p_size between 1 and 15
    and l_shipmode in ('AIR', 'AIR REG')
    and l_shipinstruct = 'DELIVER IN PERSON'
  );

--Q20
select s_name, s_address
from supplier, nation
where
  s_suppkey in (
    select ps_suppkey
    from partsupp
    where
      ps_partkey in (
        select p_partkey from part
        where p_name like 'forest%'
      )
      and ps_availqty > (
        select 0.5 * sum(l_quantity)
        from lineitem
        where
          l_partkey = ps_partkey
          and l_suppkey = ps_suppkey
          and l_shipdate >= date '1994-01-01'
          and l_shipdate < date '1994-01-01' + interval '1' year
      )
  )
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_name = 'CANADA'
order by s_name;

--Q21
select count(*) from (
select s_name, count(*) as numwait
from  supplier,  lineitem l1,  orders,  nation
where
  s_suppkey = l1.l_suppkey
  and o_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
  and o_orderstatus = 'F'
  and l1.l_receiptdate > l1.l_commitdate
  and exists (
    select      *     from    lineitem l2
    where
      l2.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
      and l2.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
  )
  and not exists (
    select      *       from    lineitem l3
    where
      l3.l_orderkey = l1.l_orderkey
      and l3.l_suppkey <> l1.l_suppkey
      and l3.l_receiptdate > l3.l_commitdate
  )
  and s_nationkey = n_nationkey
  and n_name = 'SAUDI ARABIA'
group by s_name
order by  numwait desc, s_name
) as t1;

--Q22
select
  cntrycode,
  count(*) as numcust,
  sum(c_acctbal) as totacctbal
from
  (
    select
      substr(c_phone, 1, 2) as cntrycode,
      c_acctbal
    from
      customer
    where
      substr(c_phone, 1, 2) in
        ('13', '31', '23', '29', '30', '18', '17')
      and c_acctbal > (
        select
          avg(c_acctbal)
        from
          customer
        where
          c_acctbal > 0.00
          and substr(c_phone, 1, 2) in
            ('13', '31', '23', '29', '30', '18', '17')
      )
      and not exists (
        select
          *
        from
          orders
        where
          o_custkey = c_custkey
      )
  ) as custsale
group by
  cntrycode
order by
  cntrycode;